Nestled in the picturesque Owens Valley, Laws, California, stands as a testament to the crucial role of the railroad in shaping the American West. What began as a vital depot on the Carson & Colorado Railroad, this historic site continues to tell the compelling story of a thriving transportation hub. Today, the Laws, California, Railroad Museum and Historic Site invites visitors to step back in time and experience the legacy of the narrow-gauge rail lines that once traversed this rugged landscape.
The Birth of a Railroad Hub: Bishop Creek Station
In 1883, the small settlement originally known as Bishop Creek Station sprang to life with the arrival of the Carson & Colorado Railroad. This ambitious line originated in Nevada, courageously climbing over Montgomery Pass before descending into the upper reaches of the Owens Valley and continuing south to Keeler. Its primary purpose was to service the incredibly rich silver mines of Cerro Gordo, transporting valuable ore out and essential supplies in. The inaugural train pulled into Bishop Creek Station in April 1883, where a fully equipped depot, a vital water tank, a functional turntable, and homes for the local agent and section boss were already established, ready to support the burgeoning rail operations.
A Bustling Community Takes Shape
Around the impressive 20-foot by 74-foot depot building, a vibrant community quickly formed. Recognizing its growing importance, a post office was officially opened in February 1887. Bishop Creek Station swiftly evolved into a critical transportation nexus, handling a diverse array of agricultural products and valuable ores shipped throughout the region. The town soon boasted an array of essential services and businesses, reflecting its prosperity. These included a barber, a welcoming boarding house, two general stores stocked with necessities, a blacksmith to mend tools and equipment, a popular restaurant, a comfortable hotel, a lively dance hall for recreation, a school for the children, and several large warehouses for goods storage. Over time, further industrial buildings and administrative offices would be added, cementing its status as a significant regional center.
Renaming and the Southern Pacific Era
A pivotal moment in the town’s history occurred in 1900 when the powerful Southern Pacific Railroad acquired the Carson & Colorado line. With this acquisition came a new identity for Bishop Creek Station, which was respectfully renamed Laws in honor of R.J. Laws, a distinguished railroad official whose contributions to the industry were recognized. This renaming marked a new chapter, integrating the local line into a larger, more influential railway network.
Expansion, Prosperity, and the Onset of Decline
The early 20th century brought further expansion and prosperity to Laws, California. In 1908, the Southern Pacific extended its narrow-gauge line northward from Mojave to Owenyo, establishing direct rail connections both to the north and south from the Owens Valley. For many years, Laws remained a bustling hub, facilitating the movement of people and products vital to the valley’s economy. However, the devastating impact of the Great Depression in the late 1920s and 1930s began to take its toll. Like countless other communities across the nation, Laws experienced a significant economic downturn, leading to a gradual decline in its once-flourishing rail activities. By 1938, the Southern Pacific was forced to close the northern segment of the narrow-gauge line, and its rails were tragically torn out, signaling the beginning of the end for extensive rail service. Despite this setback, Laws, as the northernmost terminus of the Owens Valley line, managed to retain some level of activity for another two decades, clinging to its vital role.
The End of an Era: Farewell to the Narrow Gauge
The final chapter of Laws’ operational railroad history unfolded in April 1960. This was when the Southern Pacific made the difficult decision to close the remaining portion of its iconic narrow-gauge line between Laws and Keeler. This closure marked a significant moment in American history, as it was the last public-use, operational narrow-gauge railroad remaining in the American West. Following its closure, the tracks were eventually pulled up, and the historic station, along with several old cars and pieces of equipment, were generously donated to the City of Bishop. The removal of the railroad delivered a profound blow to Laws, California. Yet, the town demonstrated resilience, managing to survive primarily due to a mill that continued to process clay and talc from nearby mines throughout the 1960s. Ultimately, the post office, a symbol of community life, closed its doors permanently in June 1963, signaling the virtual end of the original town’s commercial operations. Sadly, many of the original buildings had already been dismantled for salvage even before the final train left the station.
Rebirth and the Laws Railroad Museum
Despite the apparent demise of its railroad glory, Laws, California, was destined for a unique rebirth. The City of Bishop, in conjunction with Inyo County, initiated a visionary plan to establish a railroad museum within the once-thriving community. Coincidentally, around the same time, the historic site caught the attention of a movie company. Laws became the primary location for the production of the Western film Nevada Smith, starring the legendary Steve McQueen. Produced by Embassy Pictures and Solar Productions, and released by Paramount Pictures, the film’s producers played an unexpected but crucial role in the town’s preservation. They generously contributed to the restoration of several existing old buildings and even constructed new ones for the film’s set, inadvertently laying the groundwork for the future museum. The ambitious Laws Railroad Museum officially opened its doors in April 1966, the very same year Nevada Smith premiered.
The Laws Railroad Museum and Historic Site Today
Today, the Laws Railroad Museum and Historic Site stands as a vibrant tribute to the region’s rich history, offering an immersive journey into the past. It proudly encompasses not only the buildings restored and constructed for the film set but also numerous other historical structures from the surrounding area. These buildings, once facing certain destruction, were meticulously moved to the museum grounds, ensuring their preservation for future generations. Operated by the dedicated Bishop Museum and Historical Society, the site features a beautifully re-created old-time village centered around the original 1883 depot and the Agent’s House. Visitors can explore a charming collection of buildings, including an authentic old general store, a traditional ranch house, a quaint schoolhouse, a historic church, and many more, each housing captivating exhibits of historic artifacts from the Owens Valley. A particular highlight is the last steam train that operated on the old Narrow Gauge line, proudly displayed outside the historic depot, allowing visitors to marvel at this enduring piece of rail history. The museum truly brings the past to life, offering a tangible connection to the pioneers and engineers who shaped this remarkable corner of California.
A Cherished Historical Landmark
Recognizing its profound historical significance, the Laws Railroad Museum and Historic Site has been officially designated as a California Historical Landmark. Furthermore, its importance is acknowledged at a national level, being proudly listed on the National Register of Historic Places. This dual recognition underscores its value as a preserved slice of American heritage. For those wishing to visit this remarkable testament to the past, the site is conveniently located just four miles northeast of Bishop, accessible directly off U.S. Route 6. It offers a unique opportunity to explore the enduring legacy of the narrow-gauge railroad and the communities it served.
From its beginnings as Bishop Creek Station to its current incarnation as the esteemed Laws Railroad Museum and Historic Site, Laws, California, embodies the spirit of an era defined by steam, steel, and tireless enterprise. This remarkable transformation from a bustling railroad town to a living history museum ensures that the stories of the Carson & Colorado Railroad, the pioneering spirit of the Owens Valley, and the challenges of economic change are never forgotten. A visit to Laws offers more than just a glimpse into history; it provides an immersive educational experience, reminding us of the enduring power of preservation and the profound impact of the railroad on the development of the American West. Experience the heritage, witness the resilience, and discover the magic of Laws, California, a true jewel of the Owens Valley.
