Delve into the compelling history of Fort Foster, a pivotal U.S. Army outpost established in 1836 in present-day Hillsborough County, Florida, during the tumultuous Second Seminole War. This strategic fortification played a crucial role in the American military effort to control crucial supply routes and manage the ongoing conflict with the Seminole people. Its story is one of rapid construction, fierce defense, and an enduring legacy that continues to resonate within Florida’s rich historical landscape.
Before the establishment of Fort Foster, the site was home to a short-lived predecessor known as Fort Alabama. Constructed in March 1836 by troops under Colonel William Lindsay, this initial outpost quickly faced intense hostilities. Almost immediately after its completion, a substantial force of Native American warriors attacked Fort Alabama, leading to its abandonment by April 1836. In a tactical retreat, a booby-trapped keg of gunpowder was reportedly destroyed, preventing its use by the attacking forces.
Reestablishing a Crucial Frontier Post
Recognizing the strategic importance of the location, orders were issued by the end of 1836 to reestablish a more formidable fortification. The chosen site was critical, positioned along the vital Fort King to Fort Brooke trail at a bridge crossing over the Hillsborough River. This passage was essential for military logistics and communication. On November 30, 1836, a force of 430 soldiers, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel William S. Foster, departed from Fort Brooke with the explicit mission to reconstruct both the fort and the previously destroyed bridge.
Under Lieutenant Colonel Foster’s diligent command, significant progress was made rapidly. By December 19, his troops had successfully erected two sturdy blockhouses, a large storehouse, and the primary fort structure. The end of the year saw the completion of the bridge and the crucial powder magazine. Brevet Major General Thomas S. Jesup, upon inspecting the newly finished works, declared them satisfactory and, in recognition of its builder, officially named the new post Fort Foster.
Strategic Purpose and Impressive Armament
The primary objectives of Fort Foster were twofold: to staunchly defend the newly rebuilt bridge across the Hillsborough River and to serve as an indispensable resupply point for American soldiers operating in the field. The fort’s strategic significance was not lost on its commander; on January 1, 1837, Colonel Foster proudly declared in a letter to General R. Jones that the
